Steam warming system.



G. MENNESSON.

STEAM WARMING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY a0, 1908.

1,094,231. Patented Apr.21, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I71 van "Z0 r GCOTgCJ K877778650 hifnc'ssc s \JOLUMBIA PLANOGRAFH CO., WASHINGTON. u. c.

G. MENNESSON. STEAM WARMING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY30, 1908.

1,094,231 I Patented Apr. 21, 191i 2 BHEETSSHEET 2.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO WASHlNGTON. D. c

GEORGES MENNESSON, OF TROYES, FRANCE.

STEAM WARMING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

Application filed July 30, 1908. Serial No. 446,197.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonons MnNNnssoN, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at 18 Rive Droite du Canal, Troyes, Aube, in the Republic of France, engineer, have mvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Warming Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to what is known as a pulsation system of warming by steam, of the kind in which the steam 1s produced intermittently in an instantaneous vaporization generator, provided with a su1t able pulsatory distributer, and is conducted through piping and any suitable radiators located in the rooms or halls to be warmed. Such a system of pulsation warming is the subject of the United States Patent No. 865,199; on the other hand, the French Patent No. 880A81 of Aug. 2nd 1907 relates to a pulsatory distributer specially designed for such a system of warming, and fitted for the purpose of avoiding in the first place a continuous feed from the generator and of securing in the second place an always intermittent feed from the latter.

This invention consists in improvements mainly for the purpose of avoiding any interference with the regularity of the opera tion of the system through the irregularities of the heating or warming. And, indeed, the automatic generators of instantaneous steam, when running at normal production, are enabled to supply the steam in a regular manner, but for that purpose the intensity for the hearth must be as constant as possible and that the amount of steam spent must be regular also. Now, when such systems are applied to house warming, it is necessary that the combustion shall be reduced at certain times in the day without running the risk of bringing about disorder in the operation of the same. It is also required that the fire may be quickly made and that the pulsatory operation of the system may then begin again automatically without any preparatory or accessory working.

The arrangements about to described insure an automatic feed in all the stages of the combustion and also the greatest efliciency of the fuel; one of the said arrangements consists in the application of a storage for heat made up of a mass of cast iron and surrounding the vaporizing worm; another arrangement consists of a special retaining check-valve located on the outlet pipe for the steam and so combined with the return pipe to the feed reservoir as to operate in the manner hereinafter described.

This invention also does away with a very important drawback consisting in that, in apparatus of this kind, it often happens that, instead of the expected pulsatory operation, there is established a permanent system of constant pressure, the feed valve of the generator let-ting a small quantity of water pass continuously such water becoming vaporized as the steam is condensed beyond the generator, keeping up in the latter a pressure equal to the charge on the valve. Then the invention has also for its purpose to prevent such a state of equilib rium of the valve and to insure the pulsatory operation of the generator. It thus comprises a feed device in which the feed valve is combined with a piston and slidevalve of cylindrical shape so fitted as to obstruct positively the passage of the water toward the generator so long as the raising of the valve does not reach a predetermined and comparatively large amount.

An embodiment of a system of warming according to this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view of the system. shown partly in vertical section and partly in elevation. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View of a pulsatory distributor of water. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a retaining check-valve having a return pipe.

In the drawings, 1 designates a water reservoir at the bottom of which is located a pulsatory distributor 2, which lets the water of the reservoir fiow intermittently into the vaporizing worm 8 heated by the hearth 4. The outlet pipe 5 leads the generated steam to the radiators 7, of which there may be any suitable number and which may be located in any suitable position. From the radiators, the water of condensation is brought back to the reservoir 1 through the return pipe 8.

According to this invention, the worm is sealed in a cast-iron ring 9, which surrounds it entirely. In spite of the low calorific capacity of the cast-iron, this mass of metal constitutes a very powerful heat storage, because it can withstand great changes of temperature. The heating of the worm and, consequently, the feed of the latter are regulated to a very considerable extent. On the other hand, the outlet pipe 5 is provided with a special check-valve, consisting of a valve 10, of which the cylindrical and hollow guiding part 11 has lateral openings or apertures so as to uncover, when the valve rests on its seat, the outlet port of a lateral pipe 19, which connects with the reservoir 1; on the contrary, it closes the said outlet port when the valve is moved up. The lower chamber of the valve-box 13 is in tree communication with the generating worm, and the upper chamber communicates with the pipe for distributing the steam.

in the tire should slacken, the water introduced into the worm is no longer vaporized either instantaneously or totally so that a part of the said water is sent into the 5, which thus becomes tilled little by little. The moment comes when the column or water contained in the said pipe counterbalances the pressure at the bottom of the reservoir 1; if there was no check-valve, the feed, instead. of passing through the distributing pipe 2, would take the reverse direction through the outlet pipe. The production of steam would decline to almost nothing, but would remain sutlicient to keep up a pressure which would counter-balance that of the feed reservoir.

On account of the check-valve 10, the water contained in the pipe 5 can no longer fall back into the generator; it moves the said valve down onto its seat in such a man ner as to put the generator in communication with the reservoir and the atmosphere, giving issue to the small amount of steam which is still being produced. Then there is nothing to prevent the generator from being tilled with the water. So long as the temperature remains sufficient to vaporize the water to the extent of enabling the valve to rise, the water is enabled to return through the pipe 12 into the reservoir 1, and the circulation of the water may continue in this short circuit. On the tire being stirred up, steam is again formed and soon raises the valve to escape through the pipe 5. 'lherefore the apparatus always operates, either by causing the water to circulate through the short circuit if the tennperature and the pressure are weak, or by sending the steam by pulsations into the distributing piping as soon as the necessary pressure is reached, and that automatically, in proportion to the peculiar resistance of the appa ratus or installation.

The distributer of water as shown in Fig. 2 will now be described in its essential details.

3 designates the tube leading to the generator. At the bottom of the tank 1 is secured a box or casing comprising three superposed cylindrical parts; the lowermost part or valve chamber is in free communication with the pipe 14:; the middle chamber or socket 16 for the slide valve 16 has a smaller 1 diameter than that of the chamber and t the uppermost part consists of a. wide cylinder 17, open at the top. In this cylinder is enabled to move a piston 18 to which are secured a hollow cylindrical slide-valve 19 and a valve-rod 20 carrying a valve 2t; the slide- 'alve 1!) slides smoothly in the socket l6 and has a crown of apertures 22 come spending with the apertures 23 in the socket. The valve 21 is located in the chamber 15 and is enabled to tit exactly the conical seat- 24t formed in the crown connecting the parts 15 and 16. lVhen the piston is lowered, the apertures 22 and 23 come opposite each other and the valve is raised from its seat. The piston 18 is continued upward by a light tube 25 which extends up above the level of the water 26 in the tank 1 on that account, the downwardly acting strain on the piston is equal to the weight of the latter increased by the action of the pressure of the atmosphere on its horizontal surface, and is independent of the height of the water in the tank. Moreover, the same result might be obtained by carrying the cylinder up to above the level of the water:

Assuming the apparatus to be in the position shown in the drawings, the water of the tank passes through the apertures 22, 23, around the valve 21 and through the pipe let, to the generator. The latter being heated, the water is vaporized therein and there is produced a pressure which. is transmitted into the chamber 15, into the slide valve 19, and underneath the piston 18. A series of holes 1? provided around the upper part of the slide-valve permit the said pressure to act on the whole of the lower surface of the piston. The result is that the movable sys tem moves up and closes first the apertures 22, 2 3, and then the valve 21. The closure is now doubly secured.

lVhen the pressure in the generator decreases, the upward push under the valve 21 becomes insutlicient to sustain the downwardly acting charge or load and the system moves down a little; but the pressure of the steam acts at. once on the greater surface of the piston 18 and the system is enabled to move up more or less, There may be thus produced one or more small oscillations of the valve, but the apertures 22 and 23 are only uncovered when the movable system is decidedly lowered, the pressure being really interior to that which determined the closing of the obturator. As soon as the apertures and 23 come in register with each other, the water flows again into the generator, tor the proportions of the apparatus are so determined that the pressure of steam required for lifting the movable system shall be inferior to the charge or load of the column of water above the apertures 23. Then the above described operation begins again.

The apparatus thus constitutes an auto matic obturator actuated directly by the steam pressure and so fitted as to only give passage to the water when it comes to the end of the opening stroke, and to avoid the production of a permanent system of equilibrium.

Instead of causing the apertures 23 of the socket 16 to open into a tank open to the atmosphere they may be made to communicate with an outer annular chamber 28 connected to a pipe of Water under pressure; it will be understood that, in this case, the prolongation is dispensed with. lVithout departing from the spirit of this invention also, the construction and the arrangement of the several parts, the shape and the proportions of the apertures and the like may be changed; the constant charge or load on the piston may be produced by any suitable means, such as weight, the action of a spring, the pressure of an elastic fluid, or the like.

I claim In a system of heating by a generator having pulsatory vibration, the combination with a feed reservoir, of a distributer of water introduced between said teed reservoir and the generator and comprising a stationary casing having a lower chamber, an intermediate cylindrical chamber and an upper cylindrical chamber, said chambers communicating with each other, the lower chamber having an outlet for the water toward the generator and said intermediate chamber having lateral inlets for the water and a movable system comprising a valve, a hollow cylindrical slide valve and a piston associated with both of said valves, the first mentioned valve of said movable system being adapted to close the communication between the lower chamber and the intermediate chamber, said slide valve being adapted to slide in the intermediate chamber and having lateral. inlets for the water as well as being open at both of its ends, the said piston being adapted to slide in the upper cylindrical chamber.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGES MENNESSON. lVitnesses H. C. COKE, MAURICE Roux.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, D. G. 

